The principles of physics, as far as I can see, do not speak against the possibility of maneuvering things atom by atom. It is not an attempt to violate any laws; it is something, in principle, that can be done; but in practice, it has not been done because we are too big. Ultimately, we can do chemical synthesis. A chemist comes to us and says, ``Look, I want a molecule that has the atoms arranged thus and so; make me that molecule.'' The chemist does a mysterious thing when he wants to make a molecule. He sees that it has got that ring, so he mixes this and that, and he shakes it, and he fiddles around. And, at the end of a difficult process, he usually does succeed in synthesizing what he wants. By the time I get my devices working, so that we can do it by physics, he will have figured out how to synthesize absolutely anything, so that this will really be useless. But it is interesting that it would be, in principle, possible (I think) for a physicist to synthesize any chemical substance that the chemist writes down. Give the orders and the physicist synthesizes it. How? Put the atoms down where the chemist says, and so you make the substance. The problems of chemistry and biology can be greatly helped if our ability to see what we are doing, and to do things on an atomic level, is ultimately developed---a development which I think cannot be avoided. Now, you might say, ``Who should do this and why should they do it?'' Well, I pointed out a few of the economic applications, but I know that the reason that you would do it might be just for fun. But have some fun! Let's have a competition between laboratories. Let one laboratory make a tiny motor which it sends to another lab which sends it back with a thing that fits inside the shaft of the first motor. High school competition Just for the fun of it, and in order to get kids interested in this field, I would propose that someone who has some contact with the high schools think of making some kind of high school competition. After all, we haven't even started in this field, and even the kids can write smaller than has ever been written before. They could have competition in high schools. The Los Angeles high school could send a pin to the Venice high school on which it says, ``How's this?'' They get the pin back, and in the dot of the ``i'' it says, ``Not so hot.'' Perhaps this doesn't excite you to do it, and only economics will do so. Then I want to do something; but I can't do it at the present moment, because I haven't prepared the ground. It is my intention to offer a prize of $1,000 to the first guy who can take the information on the page of a book and put it on an area 1/25,000 smaller in linear scale in such manner that it can be read by an electron microscope. And I want to offer another prize---if I can figure out how to phrase it so that I don't get into a mess of arguments about definitions---of another $1,000 to the first guy who makes an operating electric motor---a rotating electric motor which can be controlled from the outside and, not counting the lead-in wires, is only 1/64 inch cube. I do not expect that such prizes will have to wait very long for claimants.
파인만 연설문중 일부인데요 이거 해석좀 해주실분??ㅋㅋ
The principles of physics,
as far as I can see,
do not speak against the possibility of
maneuvering
things atom by atom.
It is not an attempt to
violate any laws; it is
something, in principle, that can be done; but in practice, it has not been done
because we are too big.
Ultimately, we can do chemical synthesis. A chemist comes to us and says, ``Look, I
want a molecule that has the atoms arranged thus and so; make me that molecule.''
The chemist does a mysterious thing when he wants to make a molecule. He sees
that it
has got that ring,
so he mixes
this and that, and he shakes it,
and he
fiddles around.
And, at the end of a difficult process, he usually does succeed in
synthesizing what he wants. By the time I get my devices working, so that we can do
it by physics, he will have figured out how to synthesize absolutely anything, so that
this will really be useless.
But it is interesting that it would be, in principle, possible (I think) for a physicist to
synthesize any chemical substance that the chemist writes down. Give the orders and
the physicist synthesizes it. How? Put the atoms down where the chemist says, and
so you make the substance. The problems of chemistry and biology can be greatly
helped if our ability to see what we are doing, and to do things on an atomic level,
is ultimately developed---a development which I think cannot be avoided.
Now, you might say, ``Who should do this and why should they do it?'' Well, I
pointed out a few of the economic applications, but I know that the reason that you
would do it might be just for fun. But have some fun! Let's have a competition
between laboratories. Let one laboratory make a tiny motor which it sends to another
lab which sends it back with a thing that fits inside the shaft of the first motor.
High school competition
Just for the fun of it, and in order to get kids interested in this field, I would propose
that someone who has some contact with the high schools think of making some
kind of high school competition. After all, we haven't even started in this field, and
even the kids can write smaller than has ever been written before. They could have
competition in high schools. The Los Angeles high school could send a pin to the
Venice high school on which it says, ``How's this?'' They get the pin back, and in
the dot of the ``i'' it says, ``Not so hot.''
Perhaps this doesn't excite you to do it, and only economics will do so. Then I want
to do something; but I can't do it at the present moment, because I haven't prepared
the ground. It is my intention to offer a prize of $1,000 to the first guy who can take
the information on the page of a book and put it on an area 1/25,000 smaller in
linear scale in such manner that it can be read by an electron microscope.
And I want to offer another prize---if I can figure out how to phrase it so that I
don't get into a mess of arguments about definitions---of another $1,000 to the first
guy who makes an operating electric motor---a rotating electric motor which can be
controlled from the outside and, not counting the lead-in wires, is only 1/64 inch
cube.
I do not expect that such prizes will have to wait very long for claimants.